副詞節の接続詞と主語が省略される
■省略されている接続詞は4パターン
１）時を表す接続詞：「…する時」という意味の when 、「…する後」という意味の after、「…する前」という意味の before
Seeing the drawings, I recalled my childhood. (＝When I saw)
２）理由を表す接続詞：「…なので」という意味の as
(Being)Tired, I went to bed at the time.(＝As I was tired)
(Being)Written in easy English, the book will be read by many people.(＝As the book is written)
３）条件を表す接続詞：「もし…ならば」という意味の if
Turning to the left at the corner, you will find the building.(＝If you turn)
The same thing, happening (＝if it should happen) in my city, would go crazy.
４）譲歩を表す接続詞：「…だけれども」という意味の though
Accepting your feedback, I still think you cannot express enough.(＝Although I accept)
Living near my neighbor, he seldom comes to see me.(＝Though he lives)
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５）結果を表す接続詞：「…そして」という意味の and
The storm hit the area, causing (＝and it caused) great damage.
Foreigners are active in the Japanese stock market, owning (＝and they own) more than 20 percent of the shares.
６）付帯状況：「 ～しながら」
Smiling brightly, he extended his hand to me.
A jet flew up into the air, making a great noise.
７）独立分詞構文
分詞の意味上の主語が主節の主語と異なる場合、それは省略されない
My bag stolen, I couldn't go there.
It being fine tomorrow, I will go hiking.
８）接続詞を残すパターン
分詞構文の意味を鮮明にするために、分詞の前に接続詞を置くこともある
Though living next door, I seldom see him.(＝Though I live)
While having lunch, we used to talk about sports.(＝While we were having)
■構成
As I was hit by him, I was very angry.
↓ 分詞構文（副詞節の接続詞と主語が省略）
Being hit by him, I was very angry.
↓ 受動態beingの省略された形の分詞構文
Hit by him, I was very angry.
■Having PP
主文の時制より過去を表す
Having failed several times on it, he succeeded finally. (＝After he had failed)